Nancy Astor, First Woman Seated in the House of Commons

Nancy Astor (May 19, 1879–May 2, 1964) was the first woman to take a seat in the British House of Commons. A society hostess, she was known for her sharp wit and social commentary. Fast Facts: Nancy Astor Known For: Social critic and first woman seated in the British House of CommonsAlso Known As: Nancy Witcher Langhorne Astor, Viscountess AstorBorn: May 19, 1879 in Danville, VirginiaParents: Chiswell Dabney Langhorne, Nancy Witcher KeeneDied: May 2, 1964 in Lincolnshire, EnglandPublished Work: My Two Countries, her autobiographyHonor: Freedom of the City of PlymouthSpouse(s): Robert Gould Shaw II (m. 1897–1903), Waldorf Astor (m. 1906–1952)Notable Quote: Women have got to make the world safe for men since men have made it so darned unsafe for women.Notable Exchange: Nancy Astor: Sir, if you were my husband, Id poison your tea. Winston Churchill: Madame, if you were my wife, Id drink it! Early Years Astor was born in Virginia  on May 19, 1879, as Nancy Witcher Langhorne. She was the  eighth of 11 children, three of whom died in infancy before she was born. One of her sisters, Irene, married the artist Charles Dana Gibson, who immortalized his wife as the Gibson girl. Joyce Grenfell was a cousin. Astors father Chisell Dabney Langhorne was a Confederate officer. After the war, he became a tobacco auctioneer. During her early childhood, the family was poor and struggling. As she became an adolescent, her fathers success brought the family wealth. Her father is said to have created the fast-talking style of auctioneering. Her father refused to send her to college, a fact that Astor resented. He sent Nancy and Irene to a finishing school in New York City. First Marriage In October 1897, Astor married society Bostonian Robert Gould Shaw. He was a first cousin of the Civil War Colonel Robert Gould Shaw, who had commanded African-American troops for the Union Army in the Civil War. They had one son before they separated in 1902, divorcing in 1903. Astor first returned to Virginia to manage her fathers household, as her mother had died during her Astors short marriage. Waldorf Astor Astor then went to England. On a ship, she met Waldorf Astor, whose American millionaire father had become a British lord. They shared a birthday and birth year and seemed to be very well matched. They married in London on April 19, 1906, and Nancy Astor moved with Waldorf to a family home in Cliveden, where she proved an adept and popular society hostess. They also bought a home in London. In the course of their marriage, they had four sons and one daughter. In 1914, the couple converted to Christian Science. She was strongly anti-Catholic and also opposed hiring Jews. Waldorf and Nancy Astor Enter Politics Waldorf and Nancy Astor became involved in reform politics, part of a circle of reformers around Lloyd George. In 1909, Waldorf stood for election to the House of Commons as a conservative from a Plymouth constituency; he lost the election but won on his second try, in 1910. The family moved to Plymouth when he won. Waldorf served in the House of Commons until 1919, when, at his fathers death, he became a Lord and thereby became a member of the House of Lords. The House of Commons Nancy Astor decided to run for the seat that Waldorf vacated, and she was elected in 1919. Constance Markiewicz had been elected to the House of Commons in 1918 but chose not to take her seat. Nancy Astor was thus the first woman to take a seat in Parliament and was the only woman MP until 1921. (Markiewicz believed Astor an inappropriate candidate, too out of touch as a member of the upper class.) Astors campaign slogan was Vote for Lady Astor and your children will weigh more. She worked for temperance, womens rights, and childrens rights. Another slogan she used was, If you want a party hack, dont elect me. In 1923, Astor published My Two Countries, her own story. World War II Astor was an opponent of socialism and, later during the Cold War, an outspoken critic of communism. She was also an anti-fascist. She refused to meet Adolf Hitler despite having the opportunity to do so. Waldorf Astor met with him about the treatment of Christian Scientists and came away convinced that Hitler was mad. Despite their opposition to fascism and the Nazis, the Astors supported economic appeasement of Germany, supporting the lifting of economic sanctions against Hitlers regime. During World War II, Astor was noted for her morale-boosting visits to her constituents, especially during German bombing raids. She just missed being hit once, herself. She also served, unofficially, as hostess to American troops stationed at Plymouth during the buildup to the Normandy invasion. Later Years and Death In 1945, Astor left Parliament, at her husbands urging and not entirely happily. She continued to be a witty and sharp critic of social and political trends when she disapproved, including of both communism and Sen. Joseph McCarthys anti-Communist witch hunts in the U.S. She largely withdrew from public life with the death of Waldorf Astor in 1952. She died on May 2, 1964. Legacy Astors time in Parliament was not one of great achievement or towering influence; she held no government posts and had no legislative achievements to show for her time of service. But the fact that she was the first woman to serve in that legislative body had a large impact. In the 2017 general election in Great Britain, a record 208 women MPs were elected to the House of Commons, a record high of 32 percent. Two female MPs, Margaret Thatcher and Theresa May, even ascended to the position of prime minister. Astor, as the first woman in the British House of Commons, was a trailblazer who first made it acceptable for women to serve. Sources â€Å"Nancy Astor, Viscountess Astor.†Ã‚  Ohio River - New World Encyclopedia, New World Encyclopedia.Keen, Richard, and Richard Cracknell. â€Å"Women in Parliament and Government.†Ã‚  Commons Library Briefing - UK Parliament, 20 July 2018,ï » ¿Ã¢â‚¬Å"Astors History.†Ã‚  Virtual Rome.

Character Building in School Essay - 2748 Words

Character Building in School In a society with a vast array of different beliefs and mediums through which these beliefs are presented, children can get lost in an overwhelming sea of influential ideas and concepts not necessarily intended for their eyes and ears. Character education is a concept that calls for teachers and school curriculums to guide students in learning what Edward F. DeRoche and Mary M. Williams (2001, p. 25) described as â€Å"core values held sacred by a democratic society.† Parents are generally considered the teachers of morals, but if values like sharing, compassion, and honesty are never enforced or addressed outside the home, these values may never be established as a stable foundation in the child’s mind.†¦show more content†¦This practice would continue for a long time until the mid-1900s. As the country’s population became more diverse, people started to shy away from teaching specific, religious values and beliefs to children. It became no longer acceptable for one set of values based on Christianity to be taught in public schools, where children of all sorts of different backgrounds attended. In 1963, the Supreme Court deemed prayer and the use of the Bible for worship in public schools unconstitutional (Hunt, 1969). Soon afterward, the concept of values clarification was developed. Howard Kirschenbaum (2000), a former values clarification supporter turned character education supporter, defined values clarification as the guiding of youths in the development of their values while not imposing the teachers’ or anyone else’s values on them. Education went from incorporating religious values to merely presenting children with information and allowing them to develop their own values. In light of taking religious influences and traditional val ue teaching out of schools, generally people had shifted to a different outlook. 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Pablo Ruiz Picasso Essay Example For Students

Pablo Ruiz Picasso Essay Picasso, Pablo Ruiz y (1881-1973), Spanish painter and sculptor, is considered one of the greatest artist of the 20th century. He was a inventor of forms, innovator of styles and techniques, a master of various media, and one of the most prolific artists in history. He created more than 20,000 works. Training and Early Work Picasso was Born in Mlaga on October 25, 1881, he was the son of Jos Ruiz Blasco, an art teacher, and Mara Picasso y Lopez. Until 1898 he always used his fathers name, Ruiz, and his mothers maiden name, Picasso, to sign his pictures. After about 1901 he dropped Ruiz and used his mothers maiden name to sign his pictures. At the age of 10 he made his first paintings, and at 15 he performed brilliantly on the entrance examinations to Barcelonas School of Fine Arts. His large academic canvas Science and Charity (1897, Picasso Museum, Barcelona), depicting a doctor, a nun, and a child at a sick womans bedside, won a gold medal. Blue Period Between 1900 and 1902, Picasso made three trips to Paris, finally settling there in 1904. He found the citys bohemian street life fascinating, and his pictures of people in dance halls and cafs show how he learned the postimpressionism of the French painter Paul Gauguin and the symbolist painters called the Nabis. The themes of the French painters Edgar Degas and Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, as well as the style of the latter, exerted the strongest influence. Picassos Blue Room (1901, Phillips Collection, Washington, D. C. ) reflects the work of both these painters and, at the same time, shows his evolution toward the Blue Period, so called because various shades of blue dominated his work for the next few years. Expressing human misery, the paintings portray blind figures, beggars, alcoholics, and prostitutes, their somewhat elongated bodies reminiscent of works by the Spanish artist El Greco. Rose Period Shortly after settling in Paris in a shabby building known as the Bateau-Lavoir (laundry barge, which it resembled), Picasso met Fernande Olivier, the first of many companions to influence the theme, style, and mood of his work. With this happy relationship, Picasso changed his palette to pinks and reds; the years 1904 and 1905 are thus called the Rose Period. Many of his subjects were drawn from the circus, which he visited several times a week; one such painting is Family of Saltimbanques (1905, National Gallery, Washington, D. C. ). In the figure of the harlequin, Picasso represented his alter ego, a practice he repeated in later works as well. Dating from his first decade in Paris are friendships with the poet Max Jacob, the writer Guillaume Apollinaire, the art dealers Ambroise Vollard and Daniel Henry Kahnweiler, and the American expatriate writers Gertrude Stein and her brother Leo, who were his first important patrons; Picasso did portraits of them all. Protocubism In the summer of 1906, during Picassos stay in Gsol, Spain, his work entered a new phase, marked by the influence of Greek, Iberian, and African art. His celebrated portrait of Gertrude Stein (1905-1906, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City) reveals a masklike treatment of her face. The key work of this early period, however, is Les demoiselles dAvignon (1907, Museum of Modern Art, New York City), so radical in styleits picture surface resembling fractured glassthat it was not even understood by contemporary avant-garde painters and critics. Destroyed were spatial depth and the ideal form of the female nude, which Picasso restructured into harsh, angular planes. CubismAnalytic and Synthetic Inspired by the volumetric treatment of form by the French postimpressionist artist Paul Czanne, Picasso and the French artist Georges Braque painted landscapes in 1908 in a style later described by a critic as being made of little cubes, thus leading to the term cubism. Some of their paintings are so similar that it is difficult to tell them apart. .u4d1ca20dd4cef843a3520762a0bfac6a , .u4d1ca20dd4cef843a3520762a0bfac6a .postImageUrl , .u4d1ca20dd4cef843a3520762a0bfac6a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u4d1ca20dd4cef843a3520762a0bfac6a , .u4d1ca20dd4cef843a3520762a0bfac6a:hover , .u4d1ca20dd4cef843a3520762a0bfac6a:visited , .u4d1ca20dd4cef843a3520762a0bfac6a:active { border:0!important; } .u4d1ca20dd4cef843a3520762a0bfac6a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u4d1ca20dd4cef843a3520762a0bfac6a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u4d1ca20dd4cef843a3520762a0bfac6a:active , .u4d1ca20dd4cef843a3520762a0bfac6a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u4d1ca20dd4cef843a3520762a0bfac6a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u4d1ca20dd4cef843a3520762a0bfac6a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u4d1ca20dd4cef843a3520762a0bfac6a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u4d1ca20dd4cef843a3520762a0bfac6a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4d1ca20dd4cef843a3520762a0bfac6a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u4d1ca20dd4cef843a3520762a0bfac6a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u4d1ca20dd4cef843a3520762a0bfac6a .u4d1ca20dd4cef843a3520762a0bfac6a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u4d1ca20dd4cef843a3520762a0bfac6a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Child development research EssayWorking together between 1908 and 1911, they were concerned with breaking down and analyzing form, and together they developed the first phase of cubism, known as analytic cubism. Monochromatic color schemes were favored in their depictions of radically fragmented motifs, whose several sides were shown simultaneously. Picassos favorite subjects were musical instruments, still-life objects, and his friends; one famous portrait is Daniel Henry Kahnweiler (1910, Art Institute of Chicago). In 1912, pasting paper and a piece of oilcloth to the canvas and combining these with painted areas, Picasso created his first collage, Still Life with Chair Caning (Muse Picasso, Paris). This technique marked a transition to synthetic cubism. This second phase of cubism is more decorative, and color plays a major role, although shapes remain fragmented and flat. Picasso was to practice synthetic cubism throughout his career, but by no means exclusively. Two works of 1915 demonstrate his simultaneous work in different styles: Harlequin (Museum of Modern Art) is a synthetic cubist painting, whereas a drawing of his dealer, Vollard, now in the Metropolitan Museum, is executed in his Ingresque style, so called because of its draftsmanship, emulating that of the 19th-century French neoclassical artist Jean-August-Dominique Ingres. Cubist Sculpture Picasso created cubist sculptures as well as paintings. The bronze bust Fernande Olivier (also called Head of a Woman, 1909, Museum of Modern Art) shows his consummate skill in handling three-dimensional form. He also made constructionssuch as Mandolin and Clarinet (1914, Muse Picasso)from odds and ends of wood, metal, paper, and nonartistic materials, in which he explored the spatial hypotheses of cubist painting. His Glass of Absinthe (1914, Museum of Modern Art), combining a silver sugar strainer with a painted bronze sculpture, anticipates his much later found object creations, such as Baboon and Young (1951, Museum of Modern Art), as well as pop art objects of the 1960s. Realist and Surrealist Works During World War I (1914-1918), Picasso went to Rome, working as a designer with Sergey Diaghilev and the Ballets Russes. He met and married the dancer Olga Koklova. In a realist style, Picasso made several portraits of her around 1917, of their son (for example, Paulo as Harlequin; 1924, Muse Picasso), and of numerous friends. In the early 1920s he did tranquil, neoclassical pictures of heavy, sculpturesque figures, an example being Three Women at the Spring (1921, Museum of Modern Art), and works inspired by mythology, such as The Pipes of Pan (1923, Muse Picasso). At the same time, Picasso also created strange pictures of small-headed bathers and violent convulsive portraits of women which are often taken to indicate the tension he experienced in his marriage. Although he stated he was not a surrealist, many of his pictures have a surreal and disturbing quality, as in Sleeping Woman in Armchair (1927, Private Collection, Brussel) and Seated Bather (1930, Museum of Modern Art). Paintings of the Early 1930s Several cubist paintings of the early 1930s, stressing harmonious, curvilinear lines and expressing an underlying eroticism, reflect Picassos pleasure with his newest love, Marie Thrse Walter, who gave birth to their daughter Maa in 1935. Marie Thrse, frequently portrayed sleeping, also was the model for the famous Girl Before a Mirror (1932, Museum of Modern Art). In 1935 Picasso made the etching Minotauromachy, a major work combining his minotaur and bullfight themes; in it the disemboweled horse, as well as the bull, prefigure the imagery of Guernica, a mural often called the most important single work of the 20th century. Throughout Picassos lifetime, his work was exhibited on countless occasions, in many different places. Most unusual, however, was the 1971 exhibition at the Louvre, in Paris, honoring him on his 90th birthday; until then, living artists had not been shown there. In 1980 a major retrospective showing of his work was held at the Museum of Modern Art in New York City. Picasso died in his villa Notre-Dame-de-Vie near Mougins on April 8, 1973.

Strengths and Weaknesses of Joint Venture over Licensing as a Foreign Market Entry Mode

Free Essays on Class Vs. Race

Class vs. Race – The True Determinate We live in a society built of classes. These classes are necessary in a capitalistic society because no matter how rich a nation we become we will always need a lower class to clean the offices we work in and pick the strawberries we eat. Minority groups have found themselves stuck in this class of working poor and because people stereotype and perceive minority groups to fill this need of a lower class it makes it very difficult for these groups to advance from one socio-economic level to the next. DuBois understood this problem in America and decided that it was necessary for Blacks to break this mold they would first need to dispel the stereotypes that haunted them. His answer to this difficult situation was â€Å"the talented tenth.† The idea behind the concept was that a group of the top ten percent of blacks would excel, raising the entire black social class. Many people have criticized DuBois for these opinions, claiming they are without merit and unrealistic. I do not believe, however, that these people (men like West and Gates) fully understood what DuBois was meant by his talented tenth. In order for a social class to advance the way DuBois wanted Blacks to raise up they must first be perceived as equal and in today’s society we judge the masses and base our opinions of groups of people on the generalizations and stereotypes that we see in the media and we create in our minds. That is the mistake people make in interpreting DuBois. He did not think the newly created Black elites would live in Harlem and help the Black race by encouraging people in their communities. He knew the Black elite would separate themselves from that element of Black culture just as White elites have done for years. He wanted the black elites to change the perceptions of the upper middle class. Changing their perceptions of blacks, which in turn would free the black lower class from those stereoty... Free Essays on Class Vs. Race Free Essays on Class Vs. Race Class vs. Race – The True Determinate We live in a society built of classes. These classes are necessary in a capitalistic society because no matter how rich a nation we become we will always need a lower class to clean the offices we work in and pick the strawberries we eat. Minority groups have found themselves stuck in this class of working poor and because people stereotype and perceive minority groups to fill this need of a lower class it makes it very difficult for these groups to advance from one socio-economic level to the next. DuBois understood this problem in America and decided that it was necessary for Blacks to break this mold they would first need to dispel the stereotypes that haunted them. His answer to this difficult situation was â€Å"the talented tenth.† The idea behind the concept was that a group of the top ten percent of blacks would excel, raising the entire black social class. Many people have criticized DuBois for these opinions, claiming they are without merit and unrealistic. I do not believe, however, that these people (men like West and Gates) fully understood what DuBois was meant by his talented tenth. In order for a social class to advance the way DuBois wanted Blacks to raise up they must first be perceived as equal and in today’s society we judge the masses and base our opinions of groups of people on the generalizations and stereotypes that we see in the media and we create in our minds. That is the mistake people make in interpreting DuBois. He did not think the newly created Black elites would live in Harlem and help the Black race by encouraging people in their communities. He knew the Black elite would separate themselves from that element of Black culture just as White elites have done for years. He wanted the black elites to change the perceptions of the upper middle class. Changing their perceptions of blacks, which in turn would free the black lower class from those stereoty...

Online vs Traditional Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Online vs Traditional Education - Essay Example This paper draws a comparison and contrast between online education and traditional education. Online education and traditional education are similar in the syllabus and course structure but differ in the styles and patterns of communication between the students and instructors, flexibility in terms of schedule, extent of learning and development of skills, and the overall cost both for the school and the students. Communication on online education is very different from the way it is in traditional education. In online education, conversation is made through the exchange of messages. Messages are exchanged via keyboard, so typing errors are common to occur. Although online communication is a fairly effective means of communication, yet it is subjected to a lot of challenges. For example, the communicating parties may be interrupted in the middle of communication if the internet connection breaks. There is a lot of uncertainty in online communication. One never knows when the compute r starts malfunctioning or is attacked by a virus. However, when the computer is functioning properly and everything is set, communication is not only instant and effective, but is also time saving and cost effective. Nevertheless, a research conducted by SRI International found that â€Å"[o]n average, students in online learning conditions performed better than those receiving face-to-face instruction† (Bits, 2009). On the contrary, traditional education provides an individual with frequent opportunities of socializing with peers. Students get to meet one another on daily basis. They make gossip, share views and discuss ideas both pertinent to the school education and other social and political matters. Such group discussions are very informative. Students get to learn about new opportunities. â€Å"Traditional college students are between the ages of 18-21 and benefit from the social atmosphere that a normal college campus provides† (Carron, 2006). The face to face interaction with peers and teachers has also many psychosocial benefits for the students. It inculcates confidence in the students and enhances their emotional intelligence so that they are more prepared to play their constructive role in the society in general and in the workplace in particular. Online education provides an individual with much more flexibility than the traditional education. Students that take online courses are provided with the facility to work along with carrying on their studies. Many students with great potential are not able to continue their studies just because they are not able to afford the fee and other expenses associated with education. Online education brings students back to the world of academia by providing them with flexible schedules. The students can adjust their studies according to their work schedule rather than having to adjust their work schedule according to their studies. Thus, an individual having online education is more empowered as c ompared to the students of traditional education. The freedom online education offers enables the students to optimize on their time management skills. â€Å"[S]elf-paced, independent learners are usually more disciplined in terms of preparation and time management† (Sanders, 2011). On the other hand, schedules in the traditional

The Gender Wage Gap in America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Gender Wage Gap in America - Essay Example Your thesis gives the first premise, the second premise is appropriately missing, and the conclusion is well stated. I, however, cannot find disagreement in your thesis and I think you should have how all Americans will benefit from the bridging of the gender wage gap. I agree with your rebuttals that women are still the primary caregivers and tend to take more flexible jobs and that women tend to make occupational choices differently from men (2). I, however, must add that the issue of occupational choices is caused by socialization. Most women are socialized to believe that they cannot handle tough jobs which are a preserve for the males. Accordingly, such women choose to pursue less demanding jobs, which equally have lower pay. The essay should be more accommodative to readers that may view this issue differently. You should lay more emphasis on how gender-based discrimination in wages affects every American whether male or female. You need to let the men know that you’re n ot blaming them for the issue, but the system instead. You should not make them feel responsible for the plight of women in terms of poor wages. I appreciate that you have used various sentence structures. There are simple, compound, and complex sentences in the essay. Your ideas are flowing nicely. I, however think you should have addressed the issues that have led to gender-based wages in consecutive paragraphs without introducing the idea of racially discriminative wages. The essay should be more accommodative to readers.